• Strongly-correlated electron systems (Hubbard model variants)
• Topological phases & quantum spin liquids
• Superconductivity under nonequilibrium dynamics
• 2D materials for coherent information transport (graphene, MoS₂)
• Spin-boson mapping techniques for device emulation

1. Time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT)
2. Many-body perturbation (GW, Bethe–Salpeter)
3. Tensor network simulations applied to material coherence

Scientific value: establish the physical limits that define the “Physical Gate”.

• Landauer limit and its experimental approximations
• Entropy production in computing architectures
• Quantum thermodynamics of small systems
• Error correction overhead vs. physical entropy
• Irreversible vs. reversible computing dynamics

• E_min = k_B T ln 2 – Landauer bound
• Open quantum systems master equations (Lindblad form)
• Channel capacity bounds for noisy quantum systems

Scientific value: deep theoretical framing for energy, entropy and computation.